Electric incandescent lamp and attach m ents



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

y I. W. HEYSINGER.

ELECTRIC INGANDESGBNT LAMP AND ATTAGHMBNTS. No. 889,888. Patented Spt. 25, 1888.

g (58 wlN ESSES;

N. PETERS. mmhagmhar, wmingmn. D. c

(No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

I. W. HBYSINGER.

ELECTRIC INOANDESOENT LAMP AND ATTAGHMENTS.

No. 889,888. Patented Sept. 25, 1888.

WITNESSES: 0f INVENTOR N. PETERS. Meumgnpmr, Wnbingfm. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT Gitarren,

ISAAC W'. HEYSINGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC iNCANDESCNT LAMP AN ATTACHMENTS,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 389,888, dated September 25, 1888,

(No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Istmo W. HEYsiNGER, of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have made certain new and valuable Improvements in Electric Incandescent Lamps and Attachments, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a vertical transverse section through a lamp and holder embodying my invention, and showing, also, the key O. Figs. 2, 2, 2b, and 2 are views from beneath the lamp, showing the arrangement of the ilexible current-connections. Figs, 3 and 8 are vertical sections ofthe rheostatic lamp-stand applied to table use. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of Fig. 3 through the slide R. Figs. and 4 are nearly similar Views ot' a stand having a double rod ot' carbon to multiply the adjustable resistances. Fig. 5 is a side View of a lamp, current-arrester, and adjustable resistanceArod, showing inyinvention as applied to a wall-bracket. Fig. Gis a view similar to Fig, l, except that a fixed joint is used instead ot' a ball-andsockctjoint. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the current-arresting key which turns on or off the electricity from the lamp. Figs. 8, 8', Sb, SC show the arrangement ofthe duplicate carbon filaments in various ways.

The lettering in all the figures is uniform.

The first part of my invention consists in providing the glass bulb or body, which in an.

incandescent electric lamp is exhausted of air and contains the illuminating carbon filament or filaments, with a spherical neck beneath,

through which neck pass the positive and negative conducting Wires to supply the carbon filament with electricity, and fitting the said spherical neck to an oppositely-concaved holder, the concavities of the two sides being closed upon the spherical neck, so as to give a balland-socket motion and permit the lamp to be rotated upon the said ball-and-soeket joint, so as to deflect the same from an axial line, and in so applying theconducting-wires ofthe lamp to the holder that connection shall not be neeessarily broken when the lamp is tilted to one side or the other upon said joint.

The second part of my invent-ion relates to the specific mechanical devices by which I make the lamp detachable from its socket, in which I use a vertically-cleft holder for the neck of said lamp, the inner sides of the opposite segments being provided with internal conductiiig-surfaces and the outside of the neck with conductingsnrices connected with the carbon iilament or iilaments, the said conductingsurfaces ofthe lamp and of the holder being held in apposition by the drawing together ofthe cleft opposite sides of the holder against the said neck, and also in the use of mechanical means for insuring` this contact to complete the circuit in the lamp.

The third part of my invention consists in providing an electric incandescent lamp, consisting ot' an exhausted bulb elongated in its axial direction, having one end devoted to the radiation ot' light from a looped or horseshocshaped carbon lament, the said filament doubled upon itself so that the positive and negative connectingwires shall enter the bulb at the same end of the bulb side by side, with more than one carbon iilament extending from the same neck up into the body ot' the lamp, the loops at the bent ends ot' the horseshoe crossing each other without contact, and the negative connection passing out at the said neck alongside the positive connection, so that connection may be made from a single socket with any carbon in the series of those contained within the body of the lamp, and also in making the said lamp thus provided with a multiple series of carbons readily detachable from its socket, so that any carbon in the series may be put into circuit and any other thrown ont ot' circuit, and the said carbons may be made incandescent either by parallel currents or in series, as may be desired; also, in the special construction of the conductingwires of the said filaments where they project from the said neck, whereby the saine may be bent by hand into various positions, in which, when the said lamp is inserted in its socket, one, all, or none of the carbons may be in circuit, as may be desired.

The fourth part of my invention consists in the construction of a special rheostat, which I use with my lamp to regulate thc intensity of the light, and which consists of one or more rods of carbon and one or more parallel con ducting wires or rods extending up to the lamp from a stand, bracket, or other support, and

IOO

having aslide of conducting material adapted to be moved longitudinally along the said carbon-resistance rod or rods, so as to bring a greater or less length of the same into the circuit, the said slide being electrically connected with one of the conducting-wires of the r'nain supply system preferably through a parallel conducting,` rod extending from the wire of the main circuit alongside the carbon rod or rods, the slide serving as a movable bridge to connect the conducting rod or strip and the earbon resistance rod or two carbon rods together, so that as the said slide is moved to or i'ro along the same it will cutout or insert more or less of the said resistance rod or rods, the current being thus differentially regulated as the slide is moved along the rod, the slide being connected with a thumb-piece preferably to operate the same; also, in providing, when desired, a duplicate return-wire, one part continuous and one part sectionally divided, and connecting the same by a sliding bridge, so that, different carbon llaments being connected with the different sections, as the cut-off slide is moved to or fro, it will cut out or insert the carbon laments of the lamp successively with relation to the circuit, and in the special construction and arrangement of the parts, a-s will be hereinafter described.

The fifth part of my invention consists in the use of a current arresting or supplying key, which controls the insertion ofthe lamp in the circuit, in which the key is provided with a sectionally-angular periphery and a spring contact-piece resting against the angular sides of the key alternately, the said sides being so constructed that one face will hold the spring-piece in contact with a circuit-'wire and complete the circuit, and, when the key is partially rotated, a succeeding face, lying nearer the axis ofthe key, will cause or allow the spring contactpiece to be withdrawn, so as to cnt the lamp out of circuit, the rotation of the key alternately breaking or making contact, and also the special construction hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, in Fig. lis shown an ovoidal glass bulb, having a contracted part, A?, below, and expanded beneath the neck to form a nearly spherical body, out away transversely below and hollow within, having Y hernieticall y scaled within it, to its lower peripnery, the internal tube, C, which extends up through the neck and at its upper end has a number of platinum wires hermetically sealed through the same,so as to project into the bulb A above, and also project below into the cavity of the tube C, which is open from beneath, where its outer margin has been fused fast to the lower edge of B.

To the upper ends of the platinum wires are attached, at c c e c', carbon filaments, which extend up into the body of the bulb A, and are bent back in the form of a horseshoe, (so ealled,) so that the opposite ends of each lament have their terminals presenting into the neck B, which occupies one end of the bulb ceases A. In Fig. l l show two of these horseshoeshaped filaments, which occupy7 vertical planes at right angles to each other, so that their terminal wires d d d d' would present at the four corners of a square ligure, when looked at from beneath the neck B, as is clearly shown in Fig. S. In Fig. S" Ishow three such filaments, and in Fig. Sb four, occupying intersecting vertical pla-nes, their terminals forming the angles of a regular polygon in each case, having the positive and negative poles at opposite sides of the same. In Fig. I show these multiple filaments arranged inthe same plane; but I do not consider this position of the lilaments so good for general use, though it may have certain advantages for special purposes, as will be hereinafter explained.

rIhe platinum wires (sce Figs. l and 6) inside the tube C are soldered or otherwise attached to dat strips of copper, P N P N', which are made comparatively broad, but very thin and non elastic, so that they may be readily bentinward or outward. They project from the lower or open end of C, around the sides of Vthe tube, and I usually till the open tube C with an insulating and heatre sisting substance, as shown at V, Fig. 6,which serves to hold the llat copper strips in place without contact, and also forms a seat for the little'piecc of bent wire M, (see Figs. 2, 2b, 2C, and 6,) which holds the copper strips when notin use. Instead of this clip M, I sometimes bend the flat strips of copper together; or if they are quite inelastic they will lie llat of themselves, though some slight elasticity is found in all copper, and is useful in insuring accurate contact when the strips are bent out to complete the circuit. rIhe strips of copperl) N, thus projecting to a considerable distance from the open end of C, are all bent inward to overlap each other, as shown in Figs. 2 and 2c, and the clip or turn-button M holds them liat against the insulating substance V, Fig. 6, which fills the tube C, except the two opposite strips PN,whieh are bent outward and upward around the lower part of the neck B, as shown in Figs. l and 6. Vhen these are put into a suitable clamp, as the neck is inserted therein contact will be made with any contaet-pieces on the inside of said clamp, and a current will pass through one jaw of the clamp, through l d c D, and back through N, and find exit through the opposite jaw. The construction of this holder is shown in Fig. l. It consists of an elongated tube, of vulcanite or other suitable substance, properly insulated,which is split vertically on the two opposite sides, as shown in Figs. 2, 2, and 2". This vertical cleft extends down far enough to allow the sides to open and close, and the opposite jaws at their upper ends are eoneaved to lit the sphere of the neck B. At F, Figs.` l and G, is a slide or screw collar, which engages with a tapered screw upon the holder E, so that as the collar is screwed up or down it will bring the opposite jaws E E'I iirml y together, or allow them to be opened to ICO IIO

@eases 3 admit the neck E of the lamp A. On the concave inner sides of these adjustable jaws E El are conducting-strips G G', (see Figs. 1, 6, 2, 2, and 2".) which extend down vertically through the holder, but are insulated from each other, being iirmly secured to the inner sides ot' the oppostejaws and preferably concaved to conform to the internal curvatures. I usually form my vnlcanite holder upon these as a core or part ofthe core in the process of manufacture. At the lower parts of these conductors G G connection is made with the electricsupply service. It is now obvious that if the lamp A be inserted by its neek B into the socket E El, and the collar F be screwed up, the jaws will be brought down upon the spherical neck B, and the flat strips P N,iying upon the outer and under sides of the said neck, will be forcibly compressed against the inner sides ofthe conductors G G, and the lamp will be put into the circuit if thesupplywires are charged with electricity.

It is also evident that the lamp-body A may be tipped to one side or the other, so as to stand at various angles with its support with out breaking electric contact, and also that an accidental blow, which would break the glass body of a fixed lamp, would merely push the present one aside in its ball-and-socket joint. \Vhen the carbon iilament D, Fig. l, has been exhausted or broken, as is shown at yin Fig. 6, it will only be necessary to turn down the collar F, take out the lamp, bend the ilat strips P N outward, and reinsert the lamp, when the iilament D will take the place of the exhausted carbon, and the life-time ofthe lamp will be doubled. So, also, with the carbons DA2 and D, Fig. S", to whatever number the lamp may contain. As the earbons are exceedingly thin, the loss of light by mutual obstruction is practically imperceptible, espeA cially as their glossy surfaces reflect a large proportion of the light thrown upon them. Since the insertion ot' the filaments is an extremely small part of the total cost of an incandescent electric lamp, with its cost of material, except the carbons and wires, the manipulations, testings,&c.,and bulk and weight, the same whether one or more carbons be used, and since the most serious inconvenience in incandescent lighting` is now the loss of lamps by exhaustion, it will be readily seen that the lamp herein described presents many advantages in use.

The copper strips l. N P N I N2 may also be used in other ways, as shown in Figs. 2, 2, and 2". In Fig. 2 the clefts between thejaws E' El, and more especially' between the concave conductors G G,are much enlarged. ln such eonstruction the lamp A can be turned down laterally to a right angle with its original axis, and the stri ps INand PN may be left turned outward, as shown in Fig. 6, only P and I being in contact with G and G', so that a rotation ofthe lamp A in its socket will bring into circuit the opposite strips, P N; but as it is often desirable to change the plane of the carbon without disturbing the contacts I usually prefer to make G G large enough to allow for such turning of the lamp in its socket.

In Fig. 2fb P N and I)l N are both in parallel circuit, which will double the volume oi' light, but leave no spare carbon, while in Fig. 2.b the strips P N I?l N are so bent as to put the two earbons D and D into circuit at the same time, but in series, so as to double the resistance and correspondingly diminish the intensity ofthe incandescence. The flexibility and adjustability ofthe strips I N P'N I)2 Ni, Src.. permit various modifications, which will readily suggest themselves when desired.

In Fig. G is shown a lamp substantially si1nilar to that shown in Fig. I, except that the ball-andvsocket Joint has been replaced by a cylindrical neck, B, and socket E E2, and a bead, B', formed upon the cylinder B to correspond with an internal groove in the jaws. This will hold the lamp securely in one post tion, which, for many purposes, may be desirable. I sometimes also dispense with the bead B, and hold the neck in its socket by a secure clamping alone ot' the screw F. It isseen that when the collar is withdrawn the jaws stand apart to give ready entrance to the neck of thelamp. Gf course they may be partially closed when the collar is withdrawn; but I prefer to have them stand apart until brought together by the movement ol' the collar along their external sides.

It will be seen that my lamp is made entirely ot glass, fused into one body, except the insulating substance Y in the open tube C, which may be dispensed, with if desired. The neck, however, may be made separately and afterward attached, though in the form shown it is cheaper to make, lighter, less liable to heat, and more sightly and desirable.

It may be well to state that should the carA bons accidentally touch no short-circuiting would result iil all the insulations are perfect, as the extra earbons are entirely cut out, and one or the other poles, PI P or N N Ni, may be permanently in Contact with each other without interference, the current merely passing over the carbon having both polesin contact, but it is practically much better to keep them separate to avoid accidents of insulation, and for other reasons.

In Fig. 3 is shown a stand upon a table, and in Fig. 5 a branch arm extending out from a wall, both ot' which are adapted for use with my improved lamp by their construction, as will be now explained. In Figs. 3, 3, and 4 the lampstand rests by its base RT upon a table, and has an upright, Pt, to the upper end of which the lamp support or socket lli E is attached. (See Fig. 3.) rFheupright R is pret erably hollow, like a tube, slotted longitudinally, Fig. 3", and to the concave inner sides are attached on opposite sides ofthe tube two longitudinally^extcnded conducting" strips or rods, It! It, one ol' which is attached at its lower end to the positive supply-wire ot' the circuit, but disconnected at the top, and the IOC IIO

other to the negative wire of the supply-circuit at one end and to thenegative pole of the carbon of the lamp at the other. Occupying the middle of the tube is a rod of carbon, R, electrically connected atits upper end, R, with the positive pole of the lamp, but not in contact with the strips R2 It at any part of its length. Glasping this carbon rod R on the two sides are two curved spring-fingers of conducting metal, It R, which are free at one end but soldered or riveted together at their oppositeends,wheretheeombined ends passthrough the slot and are attached to the thumb piece or slide shown in Figs. 3, 3, and 3" as a ring encirclingthe tubelikethe slideofa propellingpencil and in Figs. 4,4, and 5 as a laterally projecting stud or plate, Rw. To the spring-piece of R It is also attached athird iiat spring, R, which, instead of clamping inward against the carbon rod R', springs ontward to slide along in contact with the positive strip R2. It is now obvious that a current passing up the strip R2, which is a good conductor, will cross over the bridge formed by the springs R It R to the carbon rod R, which forms its only outlet, the conductingstrip being insulated at the top and the earbon rod at the bottom. On reaching the earbon rod R it will flow up through the same with a resistance proportionate to t-he length of carbon in the circuit-that is to say, when the slide R is at the upper end of the support the contact of the springs R R will be with the metal fr of the terminal R, and the current will pass with only the resist` ance of a copper conductor; but as the slide R10 is slipped downward the springs R It It" will slide along the contacts It2 It', gradually lengthening the carbon rod in the circuit until, when the slide has reached the base R7, the whole carbon rod will resist the passage of the current, and thelamp above will be extinguished or have its illumination greatly diminished, in accordance with the length and thickness of the carbon rod It.

I usually use a simple arc-light carbon,liav ing, however,no metallic surface, which makes a cheap and effective resistance. The eye readily determines the proportionate movements of the slide without the use of an index or other indication, as half-way down means halt' the quantity of electricity,and in the same proportion for other distances. I show at R a light coiled spring, which rests against the under side of the springs R R, so that on a lamp-stand the upward pull of the slide may not tip over the lamp, and when I use such spring R9, I usuallynoteh one side of the slot at r4 9'* r r4, Ste., and provide a small spring, R1,Figs. 3 and 3, which,by impinging against the opposite side ofthe slot,will serve to twist the thumb-piece Rw and throw the stop It into the catches rfrom which it is disengaged by a slight rotation ot' the thumbpieee R10 upon the rod It', but in Figs. 3", 4, and 5 I do not use such spring R", but rely on the friction of the springs R Ru.

In Figs. 4 and 4a I show two carbon rods, R R15, and the course of the current is shown in Fig. 4. It passes up from the block Rsinto the rod R', crosses over the bridge R r R11, down rod It, and then turns and passes up the copper rod or strip R,through the connection R18. The negative current returns through R3.

The carbon rods are insulated above at R5, and their connections are insulated below. The case of the stand is not shown in Fig. 4. It will be seen that each movement of the slide Rw in Fig. 4 doubles the insertion of the resistance-bars R R15.

Instead oi' two rods I sometimes use three, four, or more, and I use this sliding rheostat Afor other purposes besides the regulation of electric lamps, and I vary the construction at pleasure without departing from the principles herein explained.

The heat due to resistance of the current passes ot'f by the atmosphere through the slots in which the slides reciprocate. The negative conducting wire of this regulator I make either single, as shown in Fig. 4, or double, as shown in Figs. 3 and 3". When made double, one side, R3, Fig. 3", is made continuons from end to end,and is electrically connected below with the negative supply-wire of the circuit K, and insulated above by the insulatingblock R5, and the parallel wire or strip R4 is divided into sections It* It* R* Riem-,h of which is insulated by attachment to the insulatingsupport R, and each of which is connected electrically with the negativejawof the lampholder E2, which contains a conduct-or divided into as many separately-insulated segments as there are blocks or sections in R4. In Fig'. 22L will be seen four of these segments,all marked G. In Fig. 3 the outside wires N N N2 N3 represent these connections; but iu practice they are not such external wires, but are internal strips not visible, being shown as they are in the ligure to render the description more clear. These strips, one continuous, R, and one divided,R, are connected by atransverse spring slide or bridge, RIS, and this extends to the outside of the case R by a projection, R, and a stud, Rm, (see Fig. 3",) or the projection may be a ring, as shown in Fig. 3f.

The little springslide R1, as shown in Fig. 3", may pass through the ring R10, its motion beingindependent of R1", or, if constructed as shown in Fig. 3, the ring R1 cannot be moved down without carrying before it the resistance-slide It". The lamp shown in Figs. 3 and 5 contains a number of carbon filaments, arranged in the same plane, as shown in Fig. Si The carbon filaments, however, are each one-fourth shorter than the next outer one, so that each will present one-fourth less resistance-approximatelyjspeaking, of course. It will now be seen that if D, Fig. 3, is connected by its negative pole with N and the upper section of RL, D with N and the next lower section of R", D2 with N2 and the next section of R4, and Ds with N3 and the lower section ITO of R4, when the sliding bridge R18 is pushed down it will successively bring D, D, D2, and D3 into circuit, and the incandesccnce willappear in each filament successively and disappear in the same order, and asy the slide I 1S is run up or down it will, so to speak, rnn the gamut of illumination `through all the laments; but as the slide Rm is run down it will correspondingly insert resistances. If then the slide Rl, Fig. 3, be moved down, it will carry before it the resistance-slide Itf, and the light in the outside filament will gradually diminish until the bridge Itpi has passed onto the second section of Rt, when the incandescence will be transferred to the second rilainent, and the outer one will cease to glow; but the second filament is shorter than the outer one just in proportion tothe current cut out by the interposed resistance of It', hence, the second lament will glow with an equally bright light, but thelight will be much smaller. As the slides pass down over the next break in R4, another filament, D2, still shorter, will be brought into circuit with the same brightness, but smaller size, until at last when the whole carbon rod, or nearly the whole, is inserted, theineandescence will be in the little central loop, D3, which may be no bigger than a spark. As theslides are moved up together, the process will be repeated until the full power of the current is obtained in the outer iilanient. If the slide R1, Fig. 3, is left behind andthe slide Rw moved, the same iilament willcontinue to glow, but with a gradnally-diminished brilliancy, as the slide Rm decends; or if, as in Fig. 3", the thumb-piece R1 be passed under the ring R and moved down, the current will be shifted to the dif ferent filaments successively, but the strength of the current will remain the saine, so that each carbon lilalnent, as it is shorter in length, will glow more strongly. It will be seen that the resistances are inserted at the positive pole, but the sectional current-shifter is in the negative branch; but these may be reversed, if desired, or both may be put into one side or the other. Vhen the strips R2 Ri R are attached to the inside wall ot' the case R, (see Fig. 32) the whole case, ofcourse, should be made of vnlcanite, ebonite, or other insulating material to avoid deieetion o r short-cin cniting ofthe current.

In Fig. 5 is shown a wallrbracket lamp hav ing the resistanceslide It" and shifting-slidev R1, the mechanism above described being eontained within the tube R, access to the interior of which is had through the longitudinal slot, as seen in front ofthe tube in the figure. The current is instantly turned on or ol'f by by means of the cut-off or current-arrester O, which I will now describe.

In Fig. l thc parts are seen in vertical section, in Fig. 6 partly in outline, and the key O is shown in perspective in Fig. 7. Referring to Fig. l, the conducting-strip, which lines the concave side of the jawl and makes contact with the pole F of the carbon D, is

ythose O.

prolonged downward to forni part of a flat spring, G2, which projects ont into the body ofthe tube E. At the pointwhere this spring would strike the tube E, if bent backward against the inside thereof, is a contact-piece, H, which is connected with the pole .I of the circuit. In Fig. G this spring G2 is shown thus bent back, so that contact is made and the current passes through the illanient D of that lign re. To operate this spring G2, I use a rotating key, O, which is passed transversely through the tube E and iitted to rotate there in, the axis of the key being parallel with the dat side of G2. An easy way te seat this key is to have the clefts E3 of the socket extend downward to cut into the circles occupied by Og O", Fig. 7, so that when the screw-collar F is turned down the `jaws E F2 may be pulled apart to open the holes Et, Fig. 1l, and allow the key O to be inserted, the headed pinion OG O7 being caught by the springing together of the jaws, and the collar F, when screwed up slightly, will hold the key securely in place. The key O, or at least its thumb piece, should be of insulating materialvulcanite, for instance. JAgainst the side of this key, within the tube E, the spring G2 engages. At this part the stem of the key is made rectangular in cross-section, though another form of poly gon will serve; but I provide a stem of rectangular section having its sides O' longer than I also round the corners somewhat. Vhen the key is turned, so that its long side O is in contact with the spring G2, the spring will lie niuch nearer the middle line of the tube E than when its short side O is presented to the spring. So when thekey is turned into the position shown in Fig. 6, which correspends to a gas-key with the gas turned on, the spring G2 will have its end firmly conipressed against the contact-piece H, and the current of electricity will be turned on; but a quarter-revolution of O will bring the long side of the rectangle against the spring, and the spring will then by its own elasticity spring back from H and contact will be broken. Another quartertnrn will complete the circuit, and another quarter-turn cut it off, and so on in either direction alternately.

As shown in Figs. l and 6, l make this contact-plate H with a broad, dat, internal face, against which the free end of the flat spring G2 is compressed and bent under pressure, so that when released the disconnection will be grad ual until contact is linall y broken, whereby a gradually-increasing resistance is interposed and sparking is to a considerable extent avoided. The dat faced spring G2, also resting against the contracted neck 0 O/ of the key, between the enlarged journals O" Ot, holds the key in place in its socket as the different faces of the neck rotate against the saine.

It will be seen that the key cannot get ont of order by rotating it in a wrong manner, and that any turn will serve equally well, while the spring G2 not only carries or breaks ICO IIO

the current, but also, by its pressure against the lat sides of the key, makes it move in a quick, positive way and holds it securely in any position to which it may be turned.

Vhile the strip G is thus adapted to make or break circuit, the opposite strip or strips G extend down continuously to l, Figs, l and 6, and connect with K, as shown.

In my invention I do not rigidly confine myself to the specific construction herein given, but modify the sameas circumstances may require in each particular case, withontdeparting from theprinciplesherein shown, described, and claimed.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1S-

1. An electric incandescent lamp consisting of an exhausted glass bulb contracted at one end and provided with an enlarged spherical neck below said contraction, said neck integral with said exhausted bulb, through which said neck pass into the body of' the lamp current conducting wires hermetically sealed therein, said wires supporting the extremities of the carbon filaments within said lamp and adapted to be connected electrically with an electric circuit, in combination with a spherically-concave socket fitted to said spherical neck of said exhausted bulb, said socket provided with expanded internal conduct-ors in an electric circuit, and said current-conducting wires of said bulb externally connected with said expanded conductors within said socket, the upper margin of said socket and the lower surface of said exhausted bulb having sufficient space between to permit said bulb to be laterally deliected in said socket, upon said socket as a pivot, said bulb seated in said socket by said spherical neck integral therewith, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In combination with an electric incandescent lanip having exhausted bulb A, tapered at one end to a contraction, A2, and having the spherical neck B attached to said contraction, and provided with an inwardly-extended closed tube or chamber, C, hermetieally sealed to the body of said lamp, and with two or more pairs of conducting-wires, d d d d, extended into the same, and supporting two or more horeshoeshaped carbon filaments, D D', within said bulb A, occupying` 'intersecting vertical planes, and two or more pairs of conductors, P N P N', outside said lamp, occupying similar intersecting planes,adapted to be electrically-connected with the supply-wires of a circuit, the holder E, having opposite spherically concave jaws E El, provided, respectively,with spherically-concave and internally smootlrfaeed positive and negative contacts G and G', connected with said circuit and adapted to engage with the conductors P N P N when the lamp is inserted with its neck in said socket, the said concave jaws adapted to be closed upon said spherical neck and clamp and hold the same in various positions oi` adA justmcnt without disconnecting said contacts, and,by the rotation of said lamp in said socket without removing the same, to insert a new carbon filament presenting` the sanne plane of incandescence, substantially as described.

3. The lampbody A, exhausted of air and having carbon filaments within the same electrically connected externally with the ilat flexible conduct-ing strips P N, projecting from the lower end of thesupportingneck B of said lamp body A, in combination with a hollow socket, E, consisting of opposite jaws E E2, separated from each other by vertical clefts E E3, to permit the same to open and to be closed upon the said neck B to grasp and hold the same, said jaws E'EZ having contactpieces G G upon their inner faces, adapted to engage with the strips P N when the same have been bent ont-ward around the free edges of the neck B, and said neck inserted in lsaid socket, together with the collar Radapted by its motion upon the socket E to cause the said jaws to grasp or release the said neck B, substantiall y as described.

4. An electric incandescent lamp having an exhausted glass bulb, free at its upper end and supported by a single projecting neck below, adapted to be supported by a socket electrically connected with the opposite wires of an electric circuit having two or more curved carbon filaments extended up-into the body of said lamp, and connected with two or more pairs of terminal conducting-strips extended through said neck and projecting therefrom, said terminals being iiexible, substantiallyin elastic, and adapted to be ilexed outward and around the edge of said neck to make contact with the external terminalconductors of an electric circuit, said stripsotl said lamp notin contact folded inward to prevent contact with said conductors of said electric circuit, sub# stantially as and for the purposes described.

5. ln combination with the bulb A, neck B, and chamber G, filled with insulating material V, the flat sott-metal conductingstrips P N P N', projecting externally from said neck and internally connected with the ends of the carbon iilanientsD D,two of said strips bent outward to make connection with the wires of an electric circuit, and the other strips folded inward out of contact and held in place by the clip M, substantially as described. (i. The socket-piece E of an electric lamp having jaws E El, separated from each other by the verticalelel'ts E Esaid elefts extended downward into the circular opening O4 of said socket-piece, in which the key O is transversely seated and rotated upon its axis, in combination with said key O,having enlarged head O", and contracted neck O, so that said key may be inserted in said seat when said jaws are spread apart and held securely in place when the same are brought together, and heldin place by suitable clamping mechanism, substantially as described.

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7. The transverscly-polygonal electric key O O, said key composed of insulating material, having thumb-piece O2, enlarged lcylindrical j ournals O3 0*, and contracted neck O O', uniting said journals, the whole adapted to be inserted in its seat in t-he lamp-support E through a transverse cylindrical socket in the saaie, said key `journaled to rotate upon its axis in said support E, iu combination with the conducting-spring G, bearing against the contracted neck of said key and operating to hold the same in place and to make or break electric contact as the said key is rotated, sub` stantially as described.

S. The resistance stand or bracket consisting of a hollow case, R, of insulating substance, slotted longitudinally at one side, R3, having within said case a longitudinal resistance-rod of carbon, R', electrically connected at r R3 with one wire of an electric circuit, said hollow ease being provided inside with an elongated conductingstrip, R2, parallel with R and separated therefrom, said strip connected below with the opposite wire J of said electric circuit, in combination with a sliding thumbpiece,R3, of insulated materiahadapted to be moved to and fro along said slotted case R, and provided with broad faced springfingers R1I Ru to clasp the rod R, and an oppositely-acting spring, R13, to bear against the said strip R2, said springs R11 R1l Rl2 being made of conducting material electrically in contact to form a bridge and conduct the current from the strip to the resistancerod R', and thence through the circuit above, the thumb-piece Rw, attached to the springs Ru R R12 through said slot, and adapted to be moved to and fro along said hollow case R, and by the bridge within the same interpose a greater or less length of resistance-rod R in said circuit, substantially as described.

9. The longitudinal resistance-stand having a sliding thumbpiece, R,eXternal thereto and supporting an internal bridge connecting a couductingstrip and a carbon resistance-rod within said stand through a longitudinal slot in the same, substantially as herein shown and described, the notches Ar4 fr* o'* r" upon one side of said slot, and the catch Rl4 upon the said thumb-piece inserted in said notches by the impingement of spring R13 against the same, in combination with aspring, R3, operating to force the said slide to the top ofthe said stand when the said catch Ruis disengaged from said notches, substantially as described.

10. In combination with the longitudinallydivided return-conductor Ri and continuous conductor R3, connected with one of the wires of an electric circuit, R" and R3 being united by the sliding` electric bridge R13, and the vaiiablyinserted resistance R', operated simultaneously by the thumb pieces Rwand R16, the incandescent -lamp filaments D D D2 D3, attached thereto, said filaments having successively different lengths or illuminating powers and connected by the poles PP P2 P3 with the resistance R' and by the opposite poles, N N N2 N3, with the seetionallydivided conductor Rt, the whole so constructed and connected that when the slides R R1G are moved along the I conductors R3 R'L the resistance will be increased or diminished by the insertion el' a greater o r less resistance-rod, and a new lilament of correspondingly less orgrealerlenglli or conducting power will be inserted in the circuit the slide P93 passes from oncsection of R" to another and the preceding filamentbe cut out, substantially as herein shown and described.

1l. In combination with an electric-lamp support, E, having opposite insulated graspingjaws, E E, adapted to hold the lamptbody A, said jaws provided with vertical cond uctors G G', extended downward upon opposite sides of said support from the saidjaws EE2 tothe wires .I K of an electric circuit, one of said vertical conductors, G, formed into a spring, G2, of conducting material adapted to make or break connection with the contact-piece II, the switch-key O, occupying the middle ot' said vertical support and provided with a polygonal neck, O O', having longer and shorter sides alternatcly,said spring conductor G3 resting against said polygonal neck and forced against said contact-piece H when the neck of said key is turned transversely and removed from said contact when said key is partially rotated upon its axis, said contact H having a broad surface presented to the dat extremity ofsaid spring G3, and said spring forming an elongated contact gradually reduced as the same is released from said plate H, substantially as and for the purposes described.

12. In combination with the incandescent electric-lamp filaments D DDL'D3, adapted to be put into an electric circuit through the wires N N N1 N3, a stand or bracket or" insulated matcrial having a continuous conductingstrip, R3, and parallel therewith, a series of divided conducting-strips, R4 R* R1 R1, successively connected each with one ofthe wires N N NI2 N3, and said lamp-filaments D D D`l D3 connected with the opposite wire of said electric circuit, together with a slide, R", adapted to be moved along said insulated stand or bracket and provided with a conduct-ingbridge extended from the strip R3 to the series of divided strips R* in succession, so as to make electric contact therewith as the said slide is moved along the said stand or bracket, and thus successively insert and cut out the electric-lamp filaments D D' Y D, substantially as described.

13. In combination with the exhausted transparent glass body A of an electric lamp, and contracted neck Band expansion B,'t`ormcd integral with said lamp-body A, said body havinganincandescing electric iilamentwithin the same and external conductors extended through said neck, the socket E, provided with electric contacts adapted to engage with IOO the conductors of said lmnp when the same is body and forcibly compress the Said jaws to inserted in said socket, and having opposite gether upon said neck when moved forward io cleft grasping-jaws standing normally apart to upon said holder7 substantially as described. admit the easy insertion of the neel; of said IT T T 5 lamp, and provided with an external collar ISAAC l HEXSUNGER' movable along said jaws and operating by its Titncssesz retraction to permit the said jaws to spread J. L. HEYSINGER,

apart to receive the said neck of said lampl M. B. FENNINGER. 

